Epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), an most potent antioxidant polyphenols of green tea, is associated with antioxidant, antitumor and antimutagenic activities.

The antioxidant activity is at lest 100 times effective than vitamin C and 25 timeseffective than vitamin E at protecting cells and DNA from damage which are believed to be linked to cancer, heart disease and other potentially fatal illnesses. The biological benefits of EGCG are generally attributed to their antioxidant activity to scavenge free radical oxygen.
 

Green Tea

EGCG is the major component of the polyphenolic fraction of green tea extract. It makes up about 10-50% of the total green tea catechins including epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate(ECG), epicatechin(EC), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), catechin are major catechin of green tea catechin. 

Many studies indicate EGCG plays a role, which protects aganist free-radical DNA damage, protects aganist the effects of ionizing radiation and ultraviolet radiation, ;inhibits lipid peroxidation, decreases serum cholesterol levels, LDL, VLDL and triglycerides, interferes with the binding of cancer-causing agents to cellular DNA, helps to neutralize dietary carcinogens, works with enzymes and other antioxidants in the intestine, liver and lungs to prevent the activation of certain carcinogens before they damage DNA. As a free radicals scavenger, EGCG combats the effects of pollution, sunlight and smoking, helps skin from wrinkling and aging.

All in all, green tea extract exhibits stronger antioxidant protection for human body than vitamin C and vitamin E. Scavenging effect of lipid free-radicals (one antioxidant property) of polyphenols in green tea extracts can be clearly observed in experiments.

The ability of GTP in green tea extracts to eliminate lipid-derived free radicals is noticeably stronger (almost 50 times) than that of ginkgo biloba extracts. Further investigations indicate that the boosting level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione dismutase (GSHPx) may account for the inhibitory effect of GTC against lipid oxidation (rancidification). It should be mentioned that from the antioxidant perspective, green tea extracts are, generally speaking, more effective than black tea extracts due to the better preservation of catechins.

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